Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Kidney of Sprague Dawley Rats

Suhaimi, Siti Sarah Hanum (2021) Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Kidney of Sprague Dawley Rats. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves are herbaceous plant widely eaten as a vegetable in African and Asian countries. Their extract has been proven scientifically for their efficacy as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and hypoglycemic agent. These promising beneficial effects have raised interest in sweet potato leaves’ potential on human health but there is no univocal data on its safety or toxicity. It is commonly accepted that the kidneys are considered as one of the main target organs of toxicity. Hence, the assessment of kidney function is important in evaluating the plant extract toxicity. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the acute toxic effect of purple sweet potato leaves ethanolic extract (PSPLEE) on kidney of Sprague Dawley rats. Methodology: The acute toxicity assessment was carried out by dividing the male Sprague Dawley rats into one treatment (n=3) and one control group (n=3). A single dose of 2000 mg/kg bw of PSPLEE was administered orally to the experimental rats. Following the treatment, they were observed daily up to 14 days for any signs of adverse effects or mortality. At the end of 14 days, all animals were euthanized with ketamine-xylazine to collect blood samples by cardiac puncture for renal function test analysis. Then, they were dissected to collect tissue samples from the kidney for histopathological examination. The data were analyzed by using an independent t-test with p-value < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: All rats treated with a single dose (2000 mg/kg bw) of PSPLEE revealed no toxicological signs or mortality in male Sprague Dawley rats. The renal function test results also showed no significant differences in the control and the treated groups. The organ relative weight of kidneys was also normal. On histopathological examination, there were no significant abnormal microscopic changes compared with the control. Discussion: Evaluations of plants toxicity can identify some complications that may be related to its use. In this study, a single administration of the PSPLEE of a dose of 2000 mg/kg bw did not induce any mortality and toxicity among treated Sprague Dawley rats. It was supported through absence of treatment-related adverse effects on all of the parameters observed. Conclusion: Findings from this study have shown that the oral administration of the purple sweet potato (I. batatas) leaves ethanolic extract does not exert any significant toxic effect in male Sprague Dawley rats. Thus, I. batatas leaves could be regarded as safe to be consumed and to be developed as therapeutic agents.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Nor Safa'aton Saidin
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2023 07:53
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 07:53
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1040

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