Factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) among pregnant women in Kajang, Selangor

Basir, Nursyuhada (2020) Factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) among pregnant women in Kajang, Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text FPSK3 2020 11.pdf Download (7MB)

Abstract

Generally, numerous factors (socioeconomic and demographic, obstetric, behavioral, supplementation) have been linked to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, there were still inconsistent and insufficient findings to determine the associations between these factors and GDM. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine factors associated with GDM among pregnant women in Kajang, Selangor. A set of interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to determine socioeconomic and demographic factors, dietary intakes, physical activity level, and supplementation intake of the pregnant women while the obstetric factors was obtained from antenatal record. Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated using data on height and body weight during pre-pregnancy. A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) and pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ) were used to determine the dietary intake and physical activity level, respectively. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was used to determine GDM diagnosis. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between independent variables and GDM. A total of 103 pregnant women in Kajang were recruited with a mean age 30.27 ± 4.95 years old. Majority of them were Malay (87.4%), with more than half of them had tertiary education (64.1%), employed (55.3%) and a mean monthly household income of RM4135.92 ± 2275.40. More than half of the respondents had height below than 156 cm (51.5%) and normal pre-pregnancy BMI (60.2%). Almost half of the respondents had normal percentage of energy from carbohydrate (44.7%), and normal percentage of energy from fat (42.7%). Half of them had moderate physical activity level (50.5%). More than half of the respondents took iron supplement (61.2%). All of them consumed iron supplement daily (100%) and more than half consumed exceed recommendation (77.8%). Results showed that short stature (x2=7.192, p=0.007), normal percentage of energy from carbohydrate (x2=6.498, p=0.038) and fat (x2=6.686, p=0.034) with engagement in low physical activity level (x2=10.269, p=0.005), and high iron supplement intake (x2=4.629, p=0.031) (p=0.047€) were significantly associated with GDM. Overall, a high percentage of women with GDM was found in this study (22.3%). Therefore, intervention program especially related to lifestyle intervention and education on supplementation is needed to reduce the prevalence of GDM.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2023 07:19
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2023 07:19
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1233

Actions (login required)

View Item