Suhaimi, Nursyafiqah Aqilah (2020) Association between dietary calcium intake and hemoglobin concentration in female students in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. [Project Paper] (Submitted)
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Abstract
Anemia can be defined as a depletion in the total number of red blood cells (RBC)s, which can be measured by reduction in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct) or RBC count. It was estimated that 30% or approximately 2 million women of reproductive age were anemic in Malaysia. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was found to be the most prevalent type of nutritional deficiency worldwide. Calcium has been postulated to inhibit the absorption of iron by impeding the intake of iron by binding to the surface of intestinal absorptive cells, where non-heme iron also binds, causing a rendered iron absorption. This study was carried out to determine the association between dietary calcium intake and hemoglobin concentrations among students in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UPM. A set of questionnaire was used to determine socio demographic factors whilst anthropometric measurements were used to obtain weight and height of participants and BMI was classified using WHO cut off points. Dietary calcium intake and other dietary factors were determined using 24 hour dietary recall (24HR) and 3 day diet history (DH). Hb concentrations was used to define anemia using WHO cut off points <12 g/dl. The prevalence of anemia observed in this study was 38.5% with mean ± SD of Hb concentrations was 12.08 ± 1.30 g/dl. The mean ± SD calcium intake of participants was 479.29 ± 430.64 mg (24HR) and 460.74 ± 282.69 mg (DH). There was no significant association between dietary calcium intake measured by 24HR (r= 0.127, p= 0.188) and DH (r= -0.022, p= 0.821). There was also no significant association observed between other dietary factors (iron, vitamin C and vitamin D) and Hb concentration. Further analysis carried out reported that there was strong positive significant association between dietary iron and calcium intake (r= 0.625, p= 0.001 and r= 0.594, p= 0.001 measured by 24HR and DH, respectively). Despite the non-significant association observed between calcium and Hb concentration in this study, calcium intake was demonstrated to be associated with iron intake, which may indicate possible connection with iron absorption but not to the extent where it affects hemoglobin concentrations. With the findings, there is urgency in addressing anemia occurence and the importance of calcium intake, especially among university students as they are the posterity of the country in the future.
| Item Type: | Project Paper |
|---|---|
| Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Science |
| Depositing User: | Ms Norafizah Radzuan |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2023 03:24 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2023 03:24 |
| URI: | http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1252 |
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