Evaluation of Histopathological Appearance of Colon Tissues in The DMH-Induced Rats Fed With High Fat Diet Supplemented With Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) Ethanolic Extract

Ba Matraf, Khaled Salem Yaslam (2022) Evaluation of Histopathological Appearance of Colon Tissues in The DMH-Induced Rats Fed With High Fat Diet Supplemented With Andrographis paniculata (Hempedu Bumi) Ethanolic Extract. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the most common malignancy occurring globally. The incidence rate has climbed dramatically during the previous several decades in Asian countries. Dietary habits have a high correlation with disease incidence. Recently, fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a conventional chemotherapeutic drug of choice for the treatment of CRC. The significant effect of fluorouracil on tissues raises the possibility of substantial adverse effects. Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) is one of the most popular herbal plants that has been widely cultivated for its curative properties against several diseases. A. paniculata have recently been revealed to possess anti-carcinogenic properties that are effective against various etiological causes of cancer. Additionally, consuming medicinal herbs enhances mitochondrial bioenergetics and suppresses the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby decreasing the chance of carcinogenesis. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the chemoprotective effects of A. paniculata ethanolic extract (APEE) on colon tissues in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced colorectal cancer in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by histopathological analysis. Methodology: This study employed colon tissue samples from prior HFD-induced CRC SD rats. The tissue samples were subjected to a series of histological methods and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for histopathological evaluation. The colons of the animals were analyzed for detection and quantification of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) using a Leica compound microscope at 400x magnification. Results: Histologically, the reduction of abnormality towards neoplasticity in the ACF was observed in APEE-treated groups. The findings showed that ACF of the APEE-treated group at a dosage of 250mg/kg BW (16.33 ± 0.33), and 500mg/kg BW (13.83 ± 0.36) had a significant reduction as compared to the HFD-induced CRC (20.38± 0.80). Discussion: Antioxidant phytochemicals are prevalent in plants and comprise a diverse class that has significant antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. A previous study illustrates that APEE contained a wide range of polyphenols or phytochemicals that possess significant free radical scavenging activity. Extracts of A. paniculata may possibly decrease cancer cell proliferation, trigger cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis. Conclusion: The study showed a combination of HFD and DMH-induced agent increase the number of ACF. A dosage of 500mg/kg BW of APEE was effective in lowering the number of ACF, which might be due to the phytochemicals present in the extract.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Nor Safa'aton Saidin
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2023 04:39
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 04:39
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1346

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