The Effects of Zerumbone on Invadopodia Formation of Hypoxia-Induced MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

Muhd Fauzi, Nur Yasmin (2022) The Effects of Zerumbone on Invadopodia Formation of Hypoxia-Induced MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

The hypoxic tumour microenvironment and its function in the progression of cancer have been the focus of recent studies. Extremely aggressive cancer cells are thought to form invadopodia, which are protrusions of actin-rich plasma membranes that penetrate the extracellular matrix (ECM) and enter the stroma. Metastatic breast cancer greatly adds to the death rate of breast cancer patients since it is often incurable via therapy, although recent studies are on the verge of slowing the incidence of breast cancer mortality. Zerumbone is an anti-inflammatory compound isolated from the Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes. It was recently discovered that it had anticancer effects in breast cancer. Objective: Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the effect of Zerumbone on the formation of invadopodia in hypoxia-induced breast cancer cells. Methodology: An MTT assay was employed to determine Zerumbone's cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. An invadopodia assay also known as gelatin degradation assay was also performed to investigate the invadopodia forming ability of breast cancer cells after Zerumbone treatment. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the data, followed by a Tukey post hoc test. A p-value less than 0.05 is deemed statistically significant (p<0.05). Results: MTT assay results showed that the IC20 values for MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Zerumbone under normoxia condition are 53μM and 45μM at 24 and 48 hours respectively. Meanwhile, the IC20 values for MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Zerumbone under hypoxia condition are 58μM and 6μM at 24 and 48 hours respectively. MDA-MB-231 cells also form less invadopodia after being treated with Zerumbone under both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Discussion: Zerumbone was shown to significantly increase the cytotoxicity effects in a dose and time-dependent manner with the IC20 observed at two different incubation periods. The percentage of cells forming invadopodia after being treated with Zerumbone decreased significantly under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Conclusion: In conclusion, Zerumbone exhibits cytotoxic effects on hypoxia-induced MDA-MB-231 cells and also reduces the capability of hypoxia- induced MDA-MB-231 cells to form invadopodia.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Nor Safa'aton Saidin
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2023 06:51
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 06:51
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1387

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