A review of diversity of infectious bursal disease virus strains in chickens

Bani, Chaveewan (2021) A review of diversity of infectious bursal disease virus strains in chickens. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus is the aetiological agent of a highly contagious chicken immunodeficiency disorder known as Gumboro disease, which cause severe economic loses to the poultry industry worldwide. IBD virus (IBDV) is a Birnavirus with a bisegmented, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome. The virus segments designated as A and B. IBDVs were classified into three strains based on genotype and pathotype namely classical, variant and very virulent or seven genogroups based genotype (Genogroup 1 - 7). The objective of this study was to review on the diversity of IBDV strains in chickens. The similarities and differences of three strains of IBDVs were compared based on pathotype and genotype. The classification of IBDV into seven genogroups based on genotype was reviewed. Methods were designed based on the PRISMA guideline. Data published between 1962 to 2021 and data were analysed based on country, clinical signs, gross and histological lesion as well as molecular characteristics of IBDV. From 287 studies initially found only thirty-eight met the inclusion criteria. The virus infects the bursa of Fabricius which destroy B lymphocytes, resulting in morbidity, mortality and immunosuppression. Very virulent IBDV cause higher mortality than classical, variant and novel variant strains. Moreover, immunosuppression enhances the susceptibility of chickens to other infections and interferes with vaccination against the disease, resulted from evolution of new strains. Seven genogroups based on genotype including Genogroups 1 to 7. It was concluded that the evolution of the IBDVs in the field due to circulating field strains and vaccination break down, resulting into morbidity, mortality and immunosuppression, justifying the need for safer protective vaccines, and implementation of strict biosecurity measures to minimizes loss to poultry industry.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Depositing User:	Ms Nurhaznita Mahmood
Date Deposited:	04 Dec 2023 07:33
Last Modified:	04 Dec 2023 07:33
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1551

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