Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Bertam River, Cameron Highlands

Zulkipli, Nur Fasihah (2017) Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Bertam River, Cameron Highlands. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Heavy metals in water pose acute and chronic health risks to adult and children. To date, the health risk assessment (HRA) in heavy metal ingestion especially through water in Bertam River is still limited Objectives: To determine the physicochemical properties and the concentration of heavy metals (Zinc, Cadmium, Lead, Chromium, and Copper) in the Bertam River, Cameron Highland, to compare with NDWQS and to perform HRA among children and adult in Bertam River, Cameron Highlands. Methodology: Water sample were collected at 15 cm depth from the surface of the river water following the grab method. Samplings were collected using HOPE bottles for COD test and amber glass bottles for BOD test. For heavy metal, samples were collected were sample using HDPE bottles and acidified immediately with 3 ml nitric acid (69%) before the HDPE bottles sealed. All samples were stored in cooler box filled with ice packs to keep temperature below 4°c before transferring to the laboratory. Physicochemical parameters of water quality were measured in situ for pH, salinity, total dissolved solid, and turbidity using portable YSI (model 6600-M) multisensory probe. Heavy metals were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The HRA was calculated using USEPA method. Results and Discussion: For the outcome, all parameters are within the NWQS except for turbidity (234.74+257.28 NTU) and Lead concentration (0.009+0.0 l I mg/L).There are significance difference between upper and lower of the Bertam River for turbidity (p<0.05). Findings show all the heavy metal except for Cd was positively correlated with turbidity, Cr (r=0.996), Cu (r=0.649), Pb (r=0.987), Zn (r=0.86). As for health risk in this study, all heavy metal in this study did not show any significant health risk as the HQ is less than I for non-carcinogenic risk and the carcinogenic risk did not exceed the acceptable risk. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the concentration of all heavy metals did not posed any significant risks to adult or children.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	19 Feb 2024 08:02
Last Modified:	19 Feb 2024 08:02
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1563

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