Assessing cadmium concentration in urine among migrant munical solid waste (WSW) collectors

Salleh, Faridatul Hanim (2013) Assessing cadmium concentration in urine among migrant munical solid waste (WSW) collectors. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction : Cadmium (Cd) and their compound classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as group I, carcinogenic to human. Waste products in the landfill such as plastics, metal and batteries may contain Cd. Workers involved in landfill operations and waste collectors are potentially exposed to dust which may contain Cd. Exposure to Cd can cause adverse health effect and main target organ of Cd is liver and kidneys and excreted in urine. Objective : A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted to determine the Cd concentration in urine of migrant Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collectors. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 workers where, 60 of them were MSW collectors and 30 library staffs at Universiti Putra Malaysia involve in this study. Personal air sampling pump and mce filter paper were used to measured Cd level in air at the workplace. The MCE filter paper were digested and urine specimen were taken from all respondents to determine the concentration of Cd analysed with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Creatinine levels in workers urine were analysed by using test strip and Reflotron® Plus. Result: The Mean±SD of Cd inhaled by MSW collectors and library staff was (0.58±0.12 ug/m3) and (0.53±0.06 ug/m3) respectively. The Cd concentration in this study was considered as low compared to the PEL (5 ug/m3). The Mean±SD of Cd concentration in urine of migrant MSW collectors was slightly lower (0.00153±0.00098 ug/g Cr) than the library staff (0.00182±0.00l1711g/g Cr) and within acceptable range of OSHA (1994) (3 ug/g Cr). Urinary cretainine is an important indicator of renal health which related to Cd exposure. The Mean±SD of urinary creatinine level of MSW collectors was slightly higher (l73.59±50.27 mg/dl) than the library staff (l52.2l±59.29 mg/dl) however, these value were considered as in normal range (20-350 mg/dl, WHO, 2012). Finally there were no significant relationship between inhalation Cd and Cd in urine of MSW collectors. Conclusion : The Cd exposure of migrant Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collectors was minimal and no significant relationship between Cd concentration in air and Cd concentration in urine was detected. However, further research need to be done to assess the exact risk. Keywords : Cadmium exposure, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collectors, Air, Urine Cadmium, Urine creatinine level, kidney damage.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Muhamad Fazril Awang
Date Deposited:	22 Nov 2022 06:50
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 04:30
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/162

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