Biosurveillance of canine distemper virus (CDV) in domestic dogs and small wild mammals in Dungun, Terengganu and Jerantut, Pahang

Mohd Azam, Alia Yohanis (2022) Biosurveillance of canine distemper virus (CDV) in domestic dogs and small wild mammals in Dungun, Terengganu and Jerantut, Pahang. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Canine distemper virus (CDV), a Morbillivirus, generally causes respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurological disease in canids. Recent studies showed that CDV has an expanding range of hosts, especially carnivores and large felids. In July 2019, one Malayan tiger was found dead from CDV in Terengganu which raises the concern on the source of infections among these tigers. This study aims to detect the presence of antigen and antibody against CDV as a bio-surveillance in domestic dogs and small wild mammals in Dungun, Terengganu and Jerantut, Pahang where both of these places are common habitats for Malayan tiger. A total of 22 domestic dogs and 8 small wild mammals were sampled for serum, conjunctival and nasal swabs. The sera were tested for CDV antibodies using chromatographic immunoassay (ICA) and detection of antigen using CDV rapid test kit, while the swabs were tested for viral RNA antigen using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It was observed that 100% of the samples tested negative for antigen detection. However, 64% (14/22) of the serum samples from domestic dogs were tested positive for IgG against CDV using chromatographic immunoassay (ICA). Among those tested positive, 42.85% (6/14) have low IgG titer and 57.15% (8/14) have medium IgG titer. This study revealed that there is a possibility of dogs serving as the main disease reservoir near tiger habitats suggesting high risk of infection to the tigers in the future. However, as there were no positive RT-PCR sample that could be further characterized to determine the transmission dynamic, the role of wild mammals as CDV reservoir could not be excluded.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Depositing User:	Ms Nurhaznita Mahmood
Date Deposited:	31 May 2024 08:34
Last Modified:	31 May 2024 08:34
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1922

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