Heavy metal (Pb, Cr, As & Cd) concentration in flesh muscle of selected salted fish and health risk assessment among adults in Kampung Kuala Sungai Baru, Malacca

Noor Azman, Noor Anisa Nabila (2012) Heavy metal (Pb, Cr, As & Cd) concentration in flesh muscle of selected salted fish and health risk assessment among adults in Kampung Kuala Sungai Baru, Malacca. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Summary: Background: Water sources have been polluted by toxic wastes directly or indirectly. These toxic wastes can reduce the ability of water system to supply cheap protein sources especially fish. Heavy metals contaminations are of the pervasive forms of marine pollution because these metallic elements do not disintegrate rapidly in marine environment. This further impairs the aquatic ecosystems due to the relatively high densities and toxicity even at low concentrations. Consuming fish with heavy metals content will give many harmful effects where exposure to lead may cause hypertension, followed by arsenic cause hyperpigmentation, chromium cause lung cancer and cadmium cause kidney failure. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Ar & Cd) concentration such as plumbum (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in salted fish and health risk assessment among adults in Melaka. Study design: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Kuala Sungai Baru, Malacca which involved residents who lived near coastal area. Methodology: A total of 118 respondents were interviewed to obtain socio-demographic and salted fish frequency intake using pre tested questionnaire. Four types of tissue muscles salted fish samples namely kembong (Psettodes crumei), ikon bulu ayam (Thryssa mystax), gelama (Decapterus russelli) and parang (Makrochirichthys makrochirus) were analyzed using ICP-MS Inductively Couple Plasma Mass Spectrophotometer for detecting heavy metals contamination. HQ and LCR were calculated based on formula in Guidance Document on HIA. Results: Most of respondents (20.3%) consume kembong salted fish once a week. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals in detected in the flesh muscle of fish species ranged as follow: Cr (9.137 mg/kg) > Pb (2.580 mg/kg) > Cd (0.3662 mg/kg) > As (0.213 mg/kg) respectively. HQ and LCR were falls under acceptable risk for all types of salted fish. Conclusion: The study found that chromium is higher in flesh muscle of kembong and parang which may poses health hazards towards human. This study also found that all of respondents fall under acceptable risk towards the non-carcinogenic (HQ) and carcinogenic (LCR) health effects. Key words: Heavy metals, salted fish, health risk assessment, Malacca

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	22 Nov 2022 06:26
Last Modified:	16 Feb 2023 00:06
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/200

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