Mohd Sidek, Nadhirah (2019) Occurrence of isoprothiolane, tricyclazole and propiconazole in personal air samples and their reported health symptoms among paddy farmers and non-exposed group in Tanjung Karang, Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)
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Abstract
Introduction: Tanjung Karang, Selangor is the third largest paddy field in Peninsular Malaysia and widely known for its paddy cultivation activity. Pesticides contamination in agriculture fields has become an unavoidable problem among paddy farmers and can contribute to adverse environmental and health consequences. Objectives: This study aims to determine the occurrence of pesticides (isoprothiolane, tricyclazole and propiconazole) in personal air samples and their reported health symptoms among paddy farmers and non-exposed group in Tanjung Karang, Selangor. Methodology: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at Tanjung Karang, Selangor and eighty-five paddy farmers and eighty-five office workers from non-exposed group were involved in this study. A solid sorbent tube was attached to the farmer's and office worker's breathing zone with a clip and an air pump was fastened to their belt to collect personal air samples. Pesticides collected in the XAD-2 resin were extracted with acetone, centrifuged, concentrated via nitrogen blowdown and reconstituted with 1 mL of 3: 1 ultrapure water: methanol solution. The extract was analysed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results and Discussion: The maximum concentrations of isoprothiolane, tricyclazole and propiconazole found in personal air samples were 178.9 ng m·3, 433.0 ng m·3 and 138.3 ng m·3 respectively. The concentrations of target compounds were significantly different among paddy farmers and non-exposed group. The reported health symptoms among paddy farmers were significantly different compared to non-exposed group. The percentage of reported health symptoms among paddy farmers was higher compared to non-exposed group. The sociodemographic background (age and level of education) was significantly associated with the reported health symptoms among paddy farmers compared to non-exposed group. The lifestyle (smoking behaviour, consumption of vegetables and fruits at least once a week and exercise once a week) was significantly associated with the reported health symptoms among paddy farmers compared to non-exposed group. There was significant association between concentrations of isoprothiolane and tricyclazole with reported health symptoms among paddy farmers compared to non-exposed group. Conclusion: The results reported in this study can be beneficial in terms of risk management within the agricultural community. Keywords: Pesticides, air, inhalation, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), health symptoms .
| Item Type: | Project Paper |
|---|---|
| Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Science |
| Depositing User: | Ms Norafizah Radzuan |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Feb 2025 07:22 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2025 07:22 |
| URI: | http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2339 |
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