Occurrence and exposure assessment of microplastics in indoor dust from different housing types in Puchong, Selangor

Wan Sukhairi, Wan Afif Amsyar (2024) Occurrence and exposure assessment of microplastics in indoor dust from different housing types in Puchong, Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: The study regarding microplastics that can be located in indoor dust has been conducted in many studies globally. The existence of the microplastics can come from several sources such as furniture, synthetic materials, and plastic bags. However, there is limited data regarding microplastics in indoor dust especially in Malaysia. Objective: The objective of this study is to understand the impact of microplastics occurrence in indoor dust and its correlation with environmental factors (indoor temperature and relative humidity), and human health exposure between different age group (children, teenagers, adults, and seniors) from different housing types (cluster houses, terrace houses, and apartments) with its risk factors in Puchong, Selangor. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted and involved 56 respondents in Puchong, Selangor. An online questionnaire was given to the respondents and at the same time the dust sample was collected from the respondents. A straw broom and an A4 paper were used to sweep and collect the dust samples. The microplastics were extracted from the dust samples by the density separation method. The characteristics of microplastics were identified such as the shape, colour, and particle mass. The estimated daily intake (EDI) for inhalation and ingestion was calculated using the formula referred to by Kashfi et al., (2012). Results and Discussion: The result showed that the highest mean microplastics particle mass is terrace houses with 4.794g, followed by apartments (4.754g) and cluster houses (4.406g). Next, the majority of the microplastics shapes among the different types of houses is fibre (95-97%). It also shows that black (26-32%) and pink (26-27%) is the dominant colour for the microplastics obtained from the different housing types. There are three risk factors that is significant with the abundance of microplastics which are the frequency of cleaning the house (p-value=0.014), duration of opening the window (p-value=0.021), and frequency of opening 3windows or doors (p-value=0.042). Then, for the EDI of inhalation, the highest value is in terrace house for 19-29 years old age groups which is 72.61 items/kg-BW/day. Finally, the level for the ingestion rate is so low and the value range only between 0.00028 to 0.00029 items/kg-BW/day and it are similar for all the age groups and the different housing types. Conclusion: The dust samples from all of respondents’ houses in Puchong, Selangor show that there are existing of microplastics and the characteristics of the microplastics show different results based on different housing types. Further studies needed to revise and expand the finding of this study such as by comparing the characteristics of microplastics in urban area with non-urban area. Keywords: microplastics, indoor dust, risk factors, exposure assessment

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	29 Apr 2025 03:30
Last Modified:	29 Apr 2025 03:30
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2372

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