In vivo antioxidant activity of polypeptide k and essential oil extracted from momordica charantia (bitter gourd) seeds

Ibrahim, Nur Atikah (2011) In vivo antioxidant activity of polypeptide k and essential oil extracted from momordica charantia (bitter gourd) seeds. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Summary: Essential oil and Polypeptide K (PPK) are compounds derived from Momordica charantia Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) seeds, commonly known as bitter gourd. Previous study have shown that Polypeptide K have antidiabetic properties. This study was conducted to evaluate antioxidant properties of these compounds on oxidative-stress rats by measuring antioxidant enzyme level namely Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) in both liver and kidney homogenate, Nitric Oxide (NO) level in serum and histological appearance of liver and kidney upon supplementation of the compounds and extends of the effect by comparing with Vitamin E. 42 male Sprague Dawley rats was randomly divided into seven groups containing six animals per group. The first group acted as negative control and was induced with CCl4 without any treatment provided. The second group was treated with standard Vitamin E that acted as reference. The third and fourth groups were supplemented with essential oil (2ml/day and 1ml/day respectively, sc) whereas the fifth and sixth groups were supplemented with Polypeptide K (10 and 50 mg/kg b.wt/day respectively, p.o). The last group served as normal control where there was no inducer or treatment provided. The treatment was given for 14 days and the animals of all groups except the last group wereadministered simultaneously with CCl4: liquid paraffin (1:1, 1ml/kg b.wt/day, sc) on the alternate days after 30 minutes of administration of the test compounds and Vitamin E. The level of antioxidant enzyme was measured using SOD kits, CAT kits and GPx kits accordingly and NO was measured using Griess Reagent. The SOD level in both tissue homogenate was significantly increase in negative control compared to normal control (p<0.05) whereas the levels in treated groups were significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to negative control with the highest reduction shown in low dose (1ml) essential oil with 28% reduction for liver homogenate and 35% reduction in kidney homogenate. CAT level in both liver and kidney was increased in negative control and slightly decreased towards normal levels in treated groups with no significant different among the groups (p>0.05). GPx level gives the same pattern where negative control has significantly increased levels compared to normal (p<0.05) and treated groups levels was decreased compared to negative control with highest reduction by low dose (10mg/kg) of PPK with 32% of reduction in liver and 38% of reduction in kidney homogenate. NO in negative control was significantly higher than normal control (p<0.05) and in treated groups, the level was significantly decreased toward normal levels (p<0.05) with the highest reduction in high dose of PPK with 50% of reduction. Histological appearance of treated groups appeared normal compared to negative that shown massive steatosis. SOD has significant differences because it is the first enzyme that will synthesize during stress condition that eliminates ROS by producing H2O2 from the reaction which later will be removed by GPx and CAT. Since GPx is the first line of defence against prooxidant, it explain the reason of significantly increased of this enzyme level but not CAT enzyme. To conclude, the result obtained indicates that both PPK and essential oil have antioxidant properties.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	23 Nov 2022 00:46
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2023 00:51
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/356

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