Risk assessment of neurotoxic of Mitragyna speciosa (ketum) in botanical products using margin of exposure approach

RASUL, MUHAMMAD AFIQ (2021) Risk assessment of neurotoxic of Mitragyna speciosa (ketum) in botanical products using margin of exposure approach. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: The recent rise in the recreational use of plant-based botanical products in the online market has prompted the risk management to be developed. However, the neurotoxicity of Mitragyna speciosa (ketum) in botanical products remain understudied. Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk of neurotoxicity of Mitragyna speciosa in botanical products by using Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach. Methodology: This study was based on a compilation of secondary data to determine the exposure level among the population. Meanwhile, animal experimental data was obtained from previous studies to estimate the lowest benchmark dose lower level of 10 (BMDL10) of Mitragyna speciosa. The margin of exposure (MOE) was calculated based on the estimated daily intake (EDI) of Mitragyna speciosa and the BMDL10 from animal data. MOE was determined by dividing the BMDL10 of Mitragyna speciosa with the EDI values. The value of MOE will then determine whether there is a need for a risk management action. Results and Discussion: Results showed that the level of mitragynine found in the products ranged from 0.640-20.05 mg g-1. The BMDL10 value derived from the animal data was 18.24 mg/kg bw/day. The calculated EDI were ranging from 0.019-2.325 mg/kg bw/day. It was showed that the MOE values for all samples were lower than 10,000 indicating a priority for a risk management. Conclusion: To summarize, while the use of botanicals and botanical compounds containing or suspected to contain plant species of the genus Mitragyna is prohibited in many countries throughout the world, people are nevertheless vulnerable to mitragynine-containing products sold in online stores. Keywords: Neurotoxicity, Mitragyna speciosa, Botanical products, Margin of Exposure, Risk assessment

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Hafizzuddin Hamidon
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2023 04:50
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2023 04:50
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/900

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