Cell mediated and humoral response detection against Mycobacterium spp in captive gibbons in Malaysia

Ng, Pooi Gin (2023) Cell mediated and humoral response detection against Mycobacterium spp in captive gibbons in Malaysia. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text lp FPV 2023 64.pdf Download (34MB)

Abstract

The occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) in captive non-human primates (NHPs) has been significant worldwide, emphasizing the importance of screening. However, this practice rarely conducted in Malaysia, thus the primary objective of this study was to screen endangered native NHP species, specifically lar gibbons (Hylobates lar) for TB. This was accomplished by employing convenient sampling method, which included gibbons from the Malaya Gibbon Rehabilitation Project (GReP) (n=11), Malacca Zoo (n=3) and Taiping Zoo (n=2). To assess for TB, a tuberculin skin test (TST) was conducted by injecting mammalian old tuberculin (MOT) and bovine tuberculin purified protein derivatives (bPPD) intradermally into the right and left palpebral respectively. The Chembio Dual-Path Platform (DPP®) VetTB assay was used to detect TB-specific antibodies in the blood. This assay utilizes MPB83 and CFP10/ESAT-6 antigens from both Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis respectively. Observation and grading of eyelid reactions were conducted at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-intradermal TST using a standardized scoring method. Overall, all the lar gibbons did not show any reaction to the intradermal TST (score 0). However, two lar gibbons (12.5%) exhibiting score 2 reactions on left palpebral with various degrees of erythema and minimal swelling. For the TB-specific antibody detection, 18.75% (3/16) of the lar gibbons tested seropositive. Specifically, one exhibited a reaction to MPB83, another to CFP10/ESAT-6, and one reacted positively to both MPB83 and CFP10/ESAT-6. Gibbons that tested seropositive had a documented history of prolonged close human contact, indicating a potential exposure to mycobacterium. Although no clinical signs were observed in any of the gibbons, there is a possibility that they could become asymptomatic carriers. The intradermal TST should be interpreted with care due to only single screening test was conducted, however results should be considered presumptive of latent carriers or cross reaction with other mycobacteria and screening test should be further conducted. The overall findings illustrate the need to enhance compliance with TB screening practices in both captive NHPs and care handlers. Biosafety precautions must be taken when handling suspected TB cases in NHPs. A prospective cohort studies on seropositive-tested animals is highly recommended to enable close monitoring on the development of clinical signs and TB-like lesions.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Depositing User:	Ms. Nordeena Abdul Aziz
Date Deposited:	30 Sep 2024 07:59
Last Modified:	30 Sep 2024 07:59
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2084

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