Determination of antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of banana (Musa sp.) peels using aqueous and ethanolic extractions

Zulkifli, Nur Syafiqah (2019) Determination of antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of banana (Musa sp.) peels using aqueous and ethanolic extractions. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Banana (Musa sp) production has a significant and negative effect on the environment as its by- products such as the peel can result in serious environmental pollution. Banana peel has been categorized as one of the largest agricultural wastes produced from the food processing industry. As such, utilization of these agricultural wastes should be harnessed as a potential research in food and nutrition. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine and compare the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) in Pisang Tanduk (PT) and Pisang Abu (PA) peels. The banana peels were obtained from chips production factories at Banting and Petaling Jaya, Selangor. The samples were washed, cut into smaller pieces, freeze-dried and grounded for further analysis using DPPH assay, P- Carotene bleaching (BCB) assay, Folin-Ciocalteu method and Aluminium Chloride Colorimetric method. Ethanolic extract of the samples (PT peel= 0.090 mg/ml, PA peel = 0.220 mg/ml) had significantly a lower IC so value than the aqueous extract (PT peel= 0.411 mg/ml, PA peel= 0.569 mg/ml). Besides, the antioxidant activity from the ethanolic extract of the samples was significantly higher (PT peel = 53.923 %, PA peel= 50.016 %) than the aqueous extract (PT peel= 9.798, PA peel= 4.899 %). The TPC was significantly higher in the ethanolic extract of the samples (PT peel= 125.000 GAE/ g, PA peel= 89 .000 GAE/ g) than in the aqueous extract (PT peel = 5 9. 964 GAE/ g, PA peel= 26.000 GAE/g). Moreover, the TFC of ethanolic extract of the samples (PT peel= 14.567 mg QE/g, PA peel= 10.867 mg QE/g) was significantly higher than the aqueous extract (PT peel= 7.900 mg QE/g, PA peel= 4.300 mg QE/g). The correlation coefficient indicated a strong and significant relationship between TPC and TFC with DPPH and BCB assay which suggested phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extracts were the main contributor in their antioxidant activities. Of the two types of banana peels, the ethanolic extract of PT peel had the higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The results obtained in the present study showed that banana peel can be considered as an alternative natural antioxidant source from agricultural waste. Nevertheless, future work should be studied in greater depth on the impact of different extraction conditions as well as to identify specific phenolic compounds in banana peels.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Subjects:	R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	25 Aug 2025 04:46
Last Modified:	25 Aug 2025 04:46
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2522

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