Antifungal activities on green-synthesized zinc oxide/starch film

Md Nazim, Nurfarhanah (2018) Antifungal activities on green-synthesized zinc oxide/starch film. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) particles exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties and can be used in food packaging application resulting to active packaging when incorporated into starch film. In this study, pineapple peel extract was used as the biological reduction agent for synthesizing zinc oxide particles from zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The synthesis method were done in two way, heating at 60°C and non-­heating ( at ambient temperature) in order to study the effects the temperature against the size and percentage yield of zinc oxide particles obtained. The percentage yield of zinc oxide particles for heating and non-heating method were 76.46% and 79% respectively. Analysis of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were done to confirm the amount of secondary metabolites content inside the pineapple peel extract give the results of 290.35 µg GAE/ml and 29.10 µg RE/ml respectively. The resultant zinc oxide powder was characterized using various analytical techniques to analyse the particle functional groups, elemental screening, size, morphology, surface charge and surface area. The elemental screening of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of zinc, Zn and 0, oxide element in zinc oxide particles. The zinc bond stretching gave reading of peak at 866 cm-1 for heating and 872, 654 cm-1 for non-heating of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface charge of ZnO gave the value of zeta potential at -11. 7 m V for heating and -22.3 m V for non-heating from zeta-sizer while dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis gave the average size of 451. 7 d.nm and 2286 d.nm for heating and non-heating respectively. The Bruneauer Emmet Teller (BET) analysis gave the surface area of heating and non-heating ZnO 25.90 m2/g and 39.57 m2/g respectively. The morphology of synthesized ZnO was found to be flower-like shape for heating and rod-like shape for non-heating using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) shows that there was capping layer around the zinc oxide particles. Next, the biocomposite films was developed based on the pure starch and starch films incorporated with various concentration which were 1 %, 3% and 5% of zinc oxide particles. Biocomposite films were tested for their antifungal potential against yeast, which were Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and fungi which was Aspergillus brasiliensis. The results demonstrated that the biocomposite films containing 3% and 5% of zinc oxide particles synthesized using heating method exhibit the inhibition zone with diameter of 10mm against the Aspergillus brasiliensis only. As a conclusion, applying two different method of synthesis (heating and non-heating) had produced different particle size, surface area, surface charge and morphology of ZnO. For the comparison, ZnO produced by heating method had showed positive results to the fungi, Aspergillus brasiliensis when incorporated with the starch based film.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Faculty:	Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	Ms Siti Mariam Giman
Date Deposited:	26 Nov 2025 03:32
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2025 03:32
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2639

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