Abdull Mutalib, Abdull Assyaqireen (2021) The Effectiveness of Online Learning during COVID-19 in Undergraduate Medical and Health Science Students: A Systematic Review. [Project Paper] (Submitted)
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak forced many learning institutions to temporarily close. This situation compelled the worldwide education system to move to online teaching. As a result, online learning was delivered through the second half of 2020, and it is expected to continue until 2021. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in undergraduate medical and health science students using systematic review. Methodology: The studies were identified from 3 electronic databases: Scopus, ScienceDirect and Pubmed using PRISMA. The screening process was done based on the eligibility criteria. Out of 1486 studies, 1269 were screened. A total of 64 eligible studies obtained were included in the quantitative analysis. Quality assessment was done by using Alberta checklist. Results: Results were categorized into i) student attitudes (perception/satisfaction/engagement), and ii) student learning outcomes, and compared to the Kirkpatrick model. Although facing difficulties, 50% of the studies are moderately satisfied with distance learning, while 36% are highly satisfied and 17% dissatisfied. Most studies (26%) reported distance learning provides flexibility in learning. Internet issues (19%) and low interaction between learners and instructors (19%) were the most prevalent problems mentioned. Online education engages students better than traditional learning. The learning outcome was categorized into two categories: i) academic performance and ii) skill development. Most studies (72%) stated that distance learning improves academic performance, 14% reported a drop, and 14% stated no effect, while significant increase in clinical skills and communication skills were also reported. Kirkpatrick evaluation revealed 80% of the studies obtained was evaluated at level 1 (reaction), 8% at level 2 (learning), 12% at level 3 (behaviour) and none at level 4 (results). Discussion: Even though there are hurdles for educators and learners, online learning has been chosen as the best approach to continue offering education in this pandemic era. Transitioning from conventional to online learning is a difficult task because both traditional and online learning operates in different ways. Learners and educators must adapt to the online learning environment, by all means necessary due to non-options. Instructors and learners' reactions to online learning apps must also be observed at all times while adapting to the new changes. Not everyone is ready to make changes in a short period of time. A fixed mindset person has a hard time adapting and adjusting, but a growth mindset person adapts easily to new learning environments. Conclusion: Overall, this systematic review found that the online learning strategy performed better than expected during COVID-19, but the data gained is insufficient to say it is beneficial when compared to other types of teaching approaches. However, more RCT and qualitative investigations should be undertaken in the future to derive more precise results.
| Item Type: | Project Paper |
|---|---|
| Faculty: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Science |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Nor Safa'aton Saidin |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2023 07:08 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2023 07:08 |
| URI: | http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1088 |
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