Determination of vitamin D deficiency prevalence and its risk factors among Malaysian adolescents aged 13 years old

Nazaharudin, Muhamad Nasrullah (2021) Determination of vitamin D deficiency prevalence and its risk factors among Malaysian adolescents aged 13 years old. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

While vitamin D deficiency has been frequently reported in Malaysia, limited studies were conducted on the factors associated with this nutritional deficiency among healthy young people. This cross-sectional study was aimed to establish associations between socio-demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity, dietary calcium intake, physical activity level and vitamin D deficiency among adolescents aged 13 years in three southern states of Peninsular Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics while anthropometry measurements including weight, height and waist circumference. BMI was estimated and classified according to WHO Growth Reference 2007. My UM Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to estimate dietary calcium intake and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) questionnaire was used to measure physical activity level and venipunctures for blood sample was done by a certified phlebotomist to assess serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D. Vitamin D status was classified as, < 12.5 nmol/L=severely vitamin D deficient; <37.5 nmol/L=vitamin D deficient; between 37.5 and 50 nmol/L=vitamin D insufficient; 250nmol/ L=sufficient vitamin D. A total of 585 adolescents [173 boys (29.6%)] participated in this study and the prevalence of both vitamin D deficiency in this study was 30.4% (n=102). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in girls (OR=8.636; 95%Cl: 3.837-19.440) compared to males, Malay ethnic group (OR=10.951; 95%Cl: 3.732-32.132) compared to non-Malay ethnic group and in those adolescents whose mothers were highly educated (OR=8.964; 95%Cl: 2.1 69-37.042) compared to those whose mothers with lower education levels. No significant associations were observed between BMI and abdominal obesity, and vitamin D deficiency. Three out of ten adolescents were found to be vitamin D deficient. Being a female, Malay ethic group and those whose mothers were highly educated were more likely to be vitamin D deficient.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2023 06:58
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2023 06:58
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1279

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