Screening of Aqueous Extract of Muntingia calabura and Melastoma malabathricum Leaves against Human Colon Adenocarcinoma (HT-29) Cell Line

Ismail, Nur Syakira (2020) Screening of Aqueous Extract of Muntingia calabura and Melastoma malabathricum Leaves against Human Colon Adenocarcinoma (HT-29) Cell Line. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text FPSK2 2020 22.pdf Download (2MB)

Abstract

Statistical data has shown that the most common cancer in Malaysia is breast cancer (17.7%) followed by colorectal cancer (13.2%) and lung cancer (10.2%). In Malaysia particularly, the males were commonly associated with colorectal cancer while the females were frequently linked with breast cancer followed by colorectal cancer. Despite the presence of a vast group of effective chemotherapeutic drugs, chemotherapy is not devoid of its own intrinsic hitches, which include their inability to distinguish between the cancerous and healthy cells. Moreover, the currently available anti-cancer drugs are expensive and may produce side effects that can vary from one patient to another. These issues demand the need to look for a more specific and effective anticancer drug(s) that are cheap and free of side effects. Interestingly, plants have been chosen as one of the sources of new anticancer drugs since they contain a wide array of unexplored chemical compounds and are a reservoir of natural products derived compounds that might provide more protective potential towards cancer than synthetic drugs. In an attempt to contribute towards the development of new, cheaper and safe anti-cancer drugs, we take the opportunity to study the cytotoxic and antiproliferative potentials of both Muntingia calabura L. and Melastoma malabathricum L., which have been reported to exert remarkable anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Since these activities are well known to play parts in the mechanisms of anticancer, it is, therefore, plausible to suggest that these plants might also possess anticancer effects. Objectives: To evaluate the anti-colorectal cancer potential of aqueous extract of the leaves of M. calabura (AEMC) and M. malabathricum (AEMM) against the HT-29 cell line. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that AEMC and AEMM might exert cytotoxic effect against HT-29 cells. Methodology: The leaves of M. calabura and M. malabathricum were extracted by using ultrasound assisted extraction with distilled water as solvent followed by freeze-drying procedure to obtain crude extracts of the leaves. Serial dilution was conducted with plain RPMI-1640 medium as solvent to obtain eight different concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.63 and 7.81 µg/mL) of each extract. The assessment of cytotoxic effect of AEMC and AEMM against HT-29 cells was carried out using in vitro MTT assay with treatment periods of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: The percentage of cell viability after treatment with AEMC and AEMM showed a decreasing trend in the first 24 hours. The treatment with AEMM showed a decreasing trend starting from a concentration of 31.25 µg/mL in both 48 and 72 hours. However, the trend for AEMC fluctuated after 48 and 72 hours of treatment. Conclusions: The decreasing trend of cell viability in both AEMC and AEMM might suggest some anti-colorectal cancer potential in both extracts. Therefore, more comprehensive studies on the cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative activity of both extracts need to be done so that it can be used as leads in the future development of drugs for the treatment of cancer.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Nor Safa'aton Saidin
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2023 00:12
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2023 00:12
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1310

Actions (login required)

View Item