Characterization and extraction of oil from indigenious fruit seeds for potential cosmetic application

Ahmad Nordin, Najibah (2017) Characterization and extraction of oil from indigenious fruit seeds for potential cosmetic application. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Fruit seeds oil extracted from plant species have various applications in cosmetic products such as cream, soap and shampoo and are becoming increasingly popular. This is due to their favourable fatty acid composition, squalene and sterols, vitamin E and total phenolic content. The aims of the research are to characterize and extract oil from two indigenous fruit seeds with respect to the potential in cosmetic application. Seed oil extracted for this research was from indigenous fruits which are cermai (Phyllanthus acidus) and honeydew (Cucumis melo L.) The oil content of cennai seeds and honeydew seeds were 2.5% and 14.8% respectively. Regarding fatty acid compositions, cermai seeds oil has predominant composition of unsaturated fatty acid which is 45.89% while, saturated fatty acid is 24.64% with unsaturated fatty acid being linolenic (18:3) with 23.63%. Hence, cermai seeds oil can be considered as a high ω-3 fatty acid oil. Honeydew seeds oil, composed of an average of unsaturated fatty acid 85.22% and 8.52% of saturated fatty acid where 67% being linoleic acid (ω-6 unsaturated fatty acid). The oil from cermai seeds and honeydew seeds contained squalene {l .514 mg/g and 0.699 mg/g), β-sitosterol (38.293 mg/g and 2.951 mg/g), vitamin E (0.311 mg/g and 0.379 mg/g) and total phenolic content (105.85mg/g and 3.03mg/g) respectively. Therefore, the potential utilization of cermai and honeydew seeds oil as cosmetic application could be possible. The used of hexane, mechanical extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for seeds oil extraction are growing concern due to the impact of environmental, worker exposure concerns, efficiency to extract oil and costing. Thus surfactant-assisted aqueous assisted extraction process (SAAEP) has been proposed as an alternative to these oil extractions in fruit seeds. The used of food grade surfactant namely Tween 20 was evaluated for the extraction. Extraction of selected seeds oil (honeydew seeds oil) were being investigated using Tween 20 alone and Tween 20 in combination with ethanol. It was examined here that the Tween 20 surfactant alone did not generate the phase of microemulsion compared to using Tween 20 with cosurfacatant (ethanol). It was also examined that Tween 20 with cosurfactant ( ethanol) has an ability to create ultralow interface tension (IFT) down to 1o-3 mN/m. In extraction process, the optimum oil removal efficiency obtained from honeydew seeds oil with 1 % concentration of surfactant mixture, solid to liquid ratio of 4g seeds to 75ml surfactant solution, and 15 minutes contact time at 25°C.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	Ms Siti Mariam Giman
Date Deposited:	24 Oct 2023 03:26
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2023 03:26
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1571

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