Occurrence of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in blood serums of adults living in different traffic volume areas in Klang Valley

Abdullah, Nurul Haziqah (2023) Occurrence of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in blood serums of adults living in different traffic volume areas in Klang Valley. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMWPAHs) are compounds with six benzene rings in their structure and mostly classified as probable human carcinogens. They are commonly found in traffic related air pollutants. Objectives: This study aims to compare the concentration of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) in blood serum samples of adults living in high and low traffic volume areas in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Methodology: Questionnaires were given to respondents to obtain information for sociodemographic and contributing factors for exposure to PAHs. Blood serum samples for exposed group (n =101) and comparative group (n =102) were collected, extracted using solid phase extraction (SPE), and analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results and Discussion: The median concentration of HMW-PAHs in blood serum ranged from 3.70 ng/mL to 144.93 ng/mL for the exposed group and 1.64 ng/mL to 63.67 ng/mL for the comparative group. There was an association between the exposure to chemicals in the working environment and the concentration of benzo[k]fluoranthene (p=0.009), benzo[b]fluoranthene (p=0.017) and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (p=0.034) in blood serum among exposed and nonexposed respondents. There was an association between the existence of smokers at home and the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene (p=0.023) and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (p=0.028) in blood serums among exposed and non-exposed respondents. There was an association between indoor/outdoor hobbies and the concentration of dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (p=0.009) in blood serums among respondents. There was an association between grilled food consumption and the concentration of indeno[1,2,3- c,d]pyrene concentration (p=0.038) in blood serums. Contributing factors such as transportation mode (p<0.001), existence of traffic congestion (p<0.001), existence of a highway nearby (p<0.001), open burning (p<0.001) was significant associated with the concentration of HMW-PAHs in blood serums of all respondents. Conclusion: This study illustrated that the concentrations of HMW-PAHs in blood serums of community living in high traffic volume area were significantly higher than community living in low traffic volume area. Besides that, the conditions of traffic near the home environment, diet intake, open burning activities, exposure to cigarette smoke, indoor/outdoor hobbies, exposure to chemicals in working environment were contributing factors to have greater concentration of PAHs in serum. Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, high molecular weight, traffic volume, blood serum, gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	17 Apr 2024 07:15
Last Modified:	17 Apr 2024 07:15
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1692

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