Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using cocoa pod husk (Theobroma CACAO L.) extract and its toxicity to brine shrimp (Artemia NauplII)

Raja Muhamad Tamrin, Raja Hazwani (2022) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using cocoa pod husk (Theobroma CACAO L.) extract and its toxicity to brine shrimp (Artemia NauplII). [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text Raja Hazwani Binti Raja Muhamad Tamrin.pdf Download (2MB)

Abstract

Green nanoparticle synthesis is a novel method for producing nanoparticles from biological sources. It is becoming increasingly popular because it is inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and can be produced on a large scale. This research project reports a green synthesis approach for the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Cocoa Pod Husk extract (Theobroma cacao L.). The synthesis of AgNPs was carried out by mixing an aqueous solution of the Cocoa Pod Husk extract (Theobroma cacao L.) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. The factors affecting synthesis were identified and optimised using Taguchi. The synthesised AgNPs are characterised by various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Nanotoxicity of synthesised AgNPs was tested by using Brine Shrimp (Artemia Nauplii) hatching percentage. The optimal conditions for AgNPs synthesis project such as the user's will receive alert SMS, value of Rs/Ro and sensor’s output voltage when concentration increased, the distance of the system with source fire and the best position to place the system. Basically the input and output of the sensor, analysis of the system and the connection of the circuit will be exploited towards the success of the smoke detection system. were determined according to Taguchi experimental procedures as the temperature equal to 100°C, time equal to 2 hours, and a ratio of AgNO3: plant extract in solution of 1:1. The XRD spectra clearly showed that the synthesised AgNPs were crystalline and had a face-centered cubic structure. The absorption maxima of the synthesised AgNPs showed a characteristic of silver SPR peak at 433 nm by UV-Vis analysis. FTIR analysis has provided information on the presence of numerous bioactive compounds that are responsible for the stabilization and capping of the AgNPs. The particle size distribution curve determined by DLS shows that the obtained AgNPs are polydisperse in nature and have a diameter of 128.13 nm. Finally, the data show that as the concentration of AgNPs increases, the toxic effect increases, and the percentage of hatching Artemia cysts decreases. The study shows that the highest percentage of hatching Artemia cysts was 86.67% at a concentration of 0.0001 mg/mL by filtered AgNPs.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Fakulti Sains
Depositing User:	Ms Emelda Mohd Hamid
Date Deposited:	10 Jun 2024 03:47
Last Modified:	10 Jun 2024 03:47
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1795

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