Descriptive epidemiology of lumpy skin disease in Malaysia

Chong, Xin Hui (2023) Descriptive epidemiology of lumpy skin disease in Malaysia. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), caused by Capripoxvirus, is a transboundary, contagious, and notifiable disease affecting the cattle industry in Malaysia since May 2021. However, limited studies have been conducted to describe the epidemiological features of the outbreak in Malaysia. This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of LSD in Malaysia between 1st May 2021 and 31st May 2023. The data were obtained from the World Animal Health Information System-WAHIS portal and were analysed to investigate the spread using descriptive analysis, epidemic curves, mapping, and clustering. During the study period, 321 outbreaks were reported from 11 states affecting domestic cattle in Peninsular Malaysia, which comprised 14987 susceptible cattle, 717 cases, four deaths and 220 cattle culled. Epidemic curve analysis indicates a propagated epidemic pattern, instead of a seasonal pattern which is common in vector-borne diseases, likely due to vector abundance, uncontrolled animal movement and the potential emergence of a new recombinant LSDV strain. The direction of spread is from north to south, suggesting that the possible source of the outbreak in Malaysia is the movement and smuggling of infected animals from affected neighbouring countries. The most likely cluster identified using the discrete Poisson model is in northern Peninsular Malaysia with high-risk period from 1st June 2021 to 31st October 2021. Overall, LSD has a morbidity rate of 18.14% and a low mortality rate of 0.04%. However, high morbidity rates were reported in Kelantan and Terengganu at 45.08% and 56.48% respectively, suggesting the presence of underlying risk factors that should be investigated further. The findings in this study have provided the baseline information for further epidemiological studies and aid in the implementation of better control measures to curb the spread of LSD in Malaysia.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Depositing User:	Ms Nurhaznita Mahmood
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2024 08:27
Last Modified:	20 Nov 2024 08:27
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2154

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