Molecular detection of African swine fever virus and classical swine fever virus from domestic pigs and wild boars in Selangor

Lau, Clarence Yeo Dek (2023) Molecular detection of African swine fever virus and classical swine fever virus from domestic pigs and wild boars in Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF), a viral disease characterised by high contagion and haemorrhaging in domestic pigs, remained absent from Asia until 2018. After the first ASF case reported in China in 2019, the disease spread rapidly to other Asian countries including Malaysia, resulting in high mortality in affected farms. The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a DNA virus classified within the Asfaviridae family and Asfivirus genus. Classical swine fever (CSF) is another fatal infectious disease currently endemic in Malaysia, responsible for low sow performance and weight loss in pigs. The classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is an RNA virus belonging to the Pestivirus genus and the Flaviviridae family. Both diseases result in a significant economic impact on our local pig industry. The study aimed to detect ASFV and CSFV from domestic pigs and wild boars by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Fresh tissue samples including lymph nodes, tonsils and spleen from 12 domestic pigs and 3 wild boars are homogenised into pool samples respectively. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) samples of lymph nodes, tonsils and spleen from another 5 domestic pigs are sliced and homogenised. DNA and RNA extraction are done on the homogenised samples. Uniplex reverse transcriptase PCR, uniplex conventional PCR and multiplex PCR are carried out on all samples, followed by gel electrophoresis. PCR revealed 5/15 (33%) samples are positive with CSFV and 0/20 (0%) samples are positive with ASF. The samples are recommended to be sent for sequencing to determine the strain and genetic characterization of the viruses. PCR is a rapid diagnostic method (less than 5 hours) with high sensitivity and specificity.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Depositing User:	Ms Nurhaznita Mahmood
Date Deposited:	20 Nov 2024 07:41
Last Modified:	20 Nov 2024 07:41
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2176

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