Heavy metals in lipsticks and its associated health risk to lipsticks consumer in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Zakaria, Airin (2014) Heavy metals in lipsticks and its associated health risk to lipsticks consumer in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Project paper (B.S.(Environmental & Occupational Health)) – Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2014. Introduction: The women are actually exposing themselves towards the heavy metals contained in the lipsticks through ingestion. The lipsticks are reported containing the heavy metals such as lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), aluminium (Al), arsenic (Ar), cadmium (Cd), antimony and chromium (Cr) based on the previous study. Exposure of heavy metals for a prolong time in a small amount might cause a significant probability in developing few suspected chronic health risks and heavy metals associated cancer health risks. The aim of this study is to determine Pb, Cd, Cr concentration in lipsticks of different categories of price in the Malaysian cosmetic market and to evaluate the possibility of developing potential health risk due to daily ingestion of heavy metals in lipsticks among the lipstick consumers. Methodology: The questionnaires were distributed to the female staffs in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).The information obtained were used for the health risk assessment (HRA) to obtain the Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Lifetime Excess Cancer Risk (LCR) via calculation. The microwave digestion technique was chosen for the extraction of heavy metals. The Thermo Scientific iCAP 6000 Series of ICP-OES was used to analyzed the lipsticks samples. Results: The concentration of Pb, Cd, and Cr in lipsticks of price category I, II, and III had not exceeded the permissible limit references dose of IRIS EPA (2013) and Health Canada (201 1) except for brown MXX lipsticks in price category 111. This lipstick had 15.440 ±22.079 mg/kg Pb mean concentration which exceed the Canadian Health (2011) limit (10 mg/kg). The lipsticks in price category II. The HQ value for all of the lipsticks exposure in every price category was less than 1. The LCR were ranged from10-9 to 10-7 for the exposure of Cd in lipsticks while the results for Cr exposure showed that LCR were ranged from 10 -5 to 10.-6. Conclusion: The lipsticks sample (N=15) collected bom the local markets of Malaysia did contained Pb, Cd, and Cr. Only MXX brown lipsticks contain high Pb concentration when compared to Canada Health (2011) permissible limit. There is low possibility of developing non- carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk effect due to the exposure on these heavy metals through lipstick consumption. Keywords: Lipsticks, heavy metals, quantitative health risk assessment, ICP-OES, microwave digestion

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Adni Syuhaida Zon
Date Deposited:	22 Nov 2022 06:52
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 01:20
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/224

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