Environmental health risk assessment of heavy metal levels in dust and soil in a primary school at Felda Bukit Goh,Kuantan

Alias, Nur Syakila (2017) Environmental health risk assessment of heavy metal levels in dust and soil in a primary school at Felda Bukit Goh,Kuantan. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Bauxite mining activities in Felda Bukit Goh, Kuantan, Pahang has been operated since early 2013. The hazardous heavy metals from mining gave health impact to school children. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine of the selected heavy metal level (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Al) of the soil and dust sedimentation within the school area near to mines and (2) to assess the environmental health risk of exposure to bauxite mining activities in Kuantan, Pahang. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 121 students randomly selected from cluster of Std 4 and 5. Respondents were distributed using self-constructed questionnaire to collect information on their background and the health symptoms. Environmental sampling for 14 school soil surface samples were collected from the school area by using shovel, while 16 dust samples were collected using 400W vacuum cleaner with Millipore filter from the classroom. All of these samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). Result: The total heavy metals levels were significant higher in soil compared to dust from the classrooms Dust was higher in Standard 5 compared to Standard 4 while dust of classroom were higher at corridor compared to the window. the percentage of respiratory reported symptoms higher on nasal congestion ( 45.5%) while for dermal reported symptoms higher on itchiness (29.8%). The significant result of the correlation was absenteeism in year 2015 with the respiratory health reported symptoms. There were significant results of correlation of Pb with respiratory reported symptoms and the heavy metal As and Cd with dermal reported symptoms. In addition, heavy metal As showed the risk factor with dermal reported symptom. The health risk assessment for the population exposed to bauxite mining activities also indicated for ingestion of As in soil ( 1. 799), As in dust (7. 793) Cr in soil (9.477), Cr in dust (7.136) an Pb in dust (l.453) . The lifetime cancer risk also show significant hazard as the lifetime excess cancer risk that was Ingestion of As in soil (6.9378 xl0-5), As in dust (3.006 xl0-4), Cr in soil (l.218 xl0-3) Cr in dust (4.960 x 10-6), Pb in soil (1.557 x 10-6) and Pb in dust (3.810 x 10-6). In addition, for dermal was As in soil (8.887 x 1 o·6) and for inhalation was Cr in soil (3 .843 x 1 o·6) and Cr in dust (2.894 x 1 o·6). The ingestion route see1ns to be major contributor to excess health hazard and lifetime cancer risk. Conclusion: Heavy metal presented in dust and soil in study locality, and significantly influenced the health reported symptoms. In term of health risk and life cancer risk, ingestion exposure was major risk of health hazard especially for arsenic, cadmium, chromium and nickel. Keywords: Bauxite mining, Heavy Metals, Respiratory symptoms, DermaI symptoms

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	27 Nov 2024 06:45
Last Modified:	27 Nov 2024 06:45
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2252

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