Indoor air pollutants exposure and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) as upper airway inflammatory biomarker among Malay preschool children in Selangor

Anak Wesley, Andrew Dana (2014) Indoor air pollutants exposure and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) as upper airway inflammatory biomarker among Malay preschool children in Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Project paper (B.S.(Environmental & Occupational Health)) – Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2014. Background: Upper airway and lower airway are functionally-linked, with inflammation in the former play a vital role in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergy. Studying the association between indoor air pollutants with upper airway inflammation in children will help to improve childhood asthma and allergy management related poor indoor air quality. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among Malay preschool children in industrial (N=53, Kelana Jaya and Shah Alam) and suburban (N-45, Semenyih and Hulu Langat) areas in Selangor. Questionnaire adapted kom American Thoracic Society (ATS) and International Study on Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISAAC) was distributed to obtain respondents' background information, exposure history and reported respiratory symptoms. Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP) concentration in nasal swab sample was collected and analysed to determine the prevalence of upper airway inflammation. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) assessment was also carried out in a total of 7 preschools in both study areas which include parameters of PM¹º, VOCs, total mould and total bacteria, relative humidity (RH) and air temperature. Results: z = -1.976, p = 0.048; total mould, z = -2.420, p = 0.016; total bacteria, z = -1.981, p = 0.048; and RH, z = -5.587, p = 0.001. There was significant difference for ECP level among respondents between study areas t =8.473, p<0.001. ECP level was consistent and statistically significant with reported upper airway symptoms of phlegm, runny nose, blocked nose and sneezing, χ² (1, N=98)=6.437, p<0.05; χ² (1, N=98)=10.516, p<0.001; χ² 1 N=98)=9.130, p<0.05; χ² (1, N=98)=10.516, p<0.001. Logistic regression shows significant association between VOC and ECP level, β=42.596, p<0.05 (PR=6.410, 95% C1=1.268 -32.394) after controlling all the confounding factors in this study. Conclusion: This study concludes that exposure to indoor air pollutants increase the risk of respiratory problems and might have an impact on the inflammatory and secretory response of the nasal mucosa. Keywords: Indoor air quality (IAQ), respiratory health, upper airway inflammation, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms. Adni Syuhaida Zon
Date Deposited:	22 Nov 2022 07:35
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 00:53
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/226

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