Vegetative and reproductive propagation of Nelumbo nucifera gaertn

Chandram, C L Yoges (2008) Vegetative and reproductive propagation of Nelumbo nucifera gaertn. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text lp FSPM 2008 11.pdf Download (33MB)

Abstract

Nelumbo nucifera (sacred lotus) is a perennial aquatic angiosperm that has economic and ornamental importance throughout the world. The present study was conducted to observe vegetative and reproductive morphology and propagation. The study was conducted in order to identify important features of vegetative and reproductive structures including leaves, flowers and fruits of N. nucifera from temporary wetland, Bintulu Old Airport. Nelumbo nucifera from this location are distributed in slow moving water flow at the open environment, simply adapted to hot weather at the water temperature 25.2-29.7°C, while water pH slightly acidic (5.99-6.23). This species is associated with various flora and fauna. Mature leaves are dark green in colour and 30.47±0.48 cm in diameter. Adaxial (above) and abaxial (beneath) surface of leaves are netted and waxy with smooth margin. Stomata only present on the adaxial surface of leaves. Petiole is green in colour, shiny surface with spines, 102.8±0.95 cm in length and 0.91±0.08 cm diameter. Rhizomes are oval shaped, light yellow smooth surface and black spots, being 18.35±0.26 x 5.23±0.20 cm. Roots of this species are fibrous. Flower blossom are pinkish white 14.80±0.22 cm wide. Oval shaped petals have pink surface with white base, 8.90±0.14 cm in length and 3.08±0.08 cm width. Waxy surface of petals are patterned by parallel veins and present with stomata. Numbers of petals per flower are 13-17. Peduncle morphology is similar to petiole and only could differentiate through the numbers of lacunae. Peduncle is 97 .13±3 .42 cm in length and 0.54±0.01 cm diameter. Sepals are oval shaped, green in colour like small leaf but the size is smaller than petals. Stomata also observed in sepals. Elongated stamens consist of white filament, 1.18±0.01 cm in length, yellow anther 1.06±0.01 cm in length and rounded vegetative tips 0.30±0.01 cm in length. Stamens per flower range from 98-143. Fruits or seed pod are funnel shaped, dark brown when matured and possess 4.45±0.74 cm in length and 5.83±0.13 in diameter. Various shaped carpels occur in seed pod and 1.50±0.01 cm in diameter. Numbers of carpels per fruit or seed pod are range from 7-20. Seed are embedded in carpels 1.41±0.04 cm in length and 1.01±0.0lcm diameter. Reproductive propagation was performed through scarified and non-scarified seeds. Germination was 100% for scarified seeds and 96% for non-scarified seeds. Reproductive propagation through seeds is more effective in this study because the emergence of first leaf is earlier than leaf from rhizome. First leaf through vegetative propagation was produced after 42 days, while only 36 days through seeds. The rhizome development takes around 180 days to produced 4 leaves, roots and secondary rhizome, but with seeds only 73 days.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences
Depositing User:	Mr. Azman Mohamad
Date Deposited:	10 Jun 2025 02:27
Last Modified:	10 Jun 2025 02:27
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2321

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