Analysis of posture and its relationship with riding discomfort among police riders: a cross-sectional study

Che Zahari, Muhammad Aiman (2019) Analysis of posture and its relationship with riding discomfort among police riders: a cross-sectional study. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) is one of the uniformed forces in Malaysia to ensure public safety and security of the country. The motorcycle is one of the vehicles that have been widely used in several departments of RMP. Non-ideal posture (slump, short lordosis and long lordosis) during prolonged riding affects the risk of discomfort to the body parts which lead to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). However, there is a lack of studies conducted that focus on riding posture and its relationship with riding discomfort among police riders in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to determine the riding posture and its relationship with riding discomfort among police riders. Methods: Seventy one male CBX 750 police riders from Maktab Teknik Polis Diraja Malaysia participated in this study. A set of modified questionnaire was distributed to obtain respondent's personal data, job information, body part discomfort rating during riding and discomfort on motorcycle seat features. Discomfort rating on the body part and motorcycle seat features were subjectively rated on the Borg's Scale CR10. Monitoring of posture's riding angle was obtained using Truposture Smart Shirt. Results: Posture assessment showed the riding posture angles vary from ideal riding posture by the police riders. For the body discomfort symptoms experienced, the lower back ( 5. 7 ± 3 .1) has a highest mean of discomfort, followed by right side of body (5.2 ± 3.2), left side of the body (5.2 ± 3.2), tailbone (5.2 ± 2.2) and left upper pelvis (5.1 ± 2.3). Majority of the police riders felt discomfort (5.1 ± 1.9) on motorcycle seat features with seat features of no lumbar support (6.0 ± 2.5) recorded the high mean of discomfort. For the correlation between riding time and riding posture angles for 5 different sensors, sensor 5 showed a significant relationship with riding time (r=0.638). Last, in comparison of body parts discomfort symptoms between preferred riding posture among the police riders, lower back, right and left side of the body showed a statistical difference with preferred riding posture with (z=1 9.586, p<0.001), (z=14.484, p=0.001) and (z=13.676,p=0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Ideal riding posture cannot be maintained by the police riders since there are varies of riding posture angles from ideal posture angles. Lower back, left and right side of the body, right upper pelvis and tail bone are the most affected body part with discomfort. The police riders felt discomfort on motorcycle seat features and no lumbar support has the highest mean of discomfort on motorcycle seat features. Therefore, lumbar support should be proposed to be equipped on the motorcycle seat to reduce lower body parts discomfort and helps to maintain ideal posture during riding. Keywords: posture, discomfort, police rider, musculoskeletal disorders

Item Type:	Project Paper
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	29 Apr 2026 00:50
Last Modified:	29 Apr 2026 00:50
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2798

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