Dietary health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water, surface water and fish on communities in bauxite mining areas of Felda Bukit Goh and Kuantan Port Flat, Kuantan

Mahad, Zety Abrar Naim (2016) Dietary health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water, surface water and fish on communities in bauxite mining areas of Felda Bukit Goh and Kuantan Port Flat, Kuantan. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: The mining of bauxite ore in Kuantan, Pahang has been carried out since early 201 3. Chemical analyses showed that, bauxite ore contains radionuclides including heavy metals which can pose great threat to human and environmental health. The continuing degradation of water quality caused by uncontrolled bauxite mining that polluted waterways support would have a major impact on the aquatic biodiversity. Objective: (1) To determine and compare the concentration of selected heavy metals (A1, As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb) in water and fish, (2) To evaluate the possible risk of consuming fish and water to human health. Methodology: This study was conducted in three different residential areas; Felda Bukit Goh, Jalan Besar Bukit Goh and Kuantan Port Flat. A total of 162 respondents were interviewed using self- administered questionnaire. For environmental sampling, 79 samples of drinking water, 6 samples of water from water treatment plant, and 4 types of fish were analyzed. All of these samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). Results and Discussions: Results indicated that there were significant differences: (1) in aluminum, nickel and chromium concentration between rivers near the bauxite mining activities in Kuantan and (2) concentration of cadmium between fish. Next, for dietary health risk assessment on exposure doses from ingestion of water and exposure doses from ingestion of fish showed (1) that the hazard quotient (HQ) for aluminum was below than 1, indicating that there was no significant risk of non- carcinogenic adverse health effects, for both adults and children. Meanwhile (2) for carcinogenic heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead) the LCR was less than 10⁻⁴, for both adults and children. LCR less than 10⁻⁴ was regard as acceptable. Conclusion: As far as bauxite mining activity is concerned, apparently the presence of heavy metals levels in the water supply and fish were not alarming. Keywords: Bauxite Mining, Heavy Metals, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Dietary Health Risk Assessment

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Muhamad Fazril Awang
Date Deposited:	23 Nov 2022 03:23
Last Modified:	23 Nov 2022 03:23
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/371

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