Health risk assessment and aluminium (AL) concentration in gravity feed system (GFS) water: A cross-sectional study in an orang Asli villages in Ulu Kuang Gombak Selangor

Ridzuan, Nur Nasheiha (2016) Health risk assessment and aluminium (AL) concentration in gravity feed system (GFS) water: A cross-sectional study in an orang Asli villages in Ulu Kuang Gombak Selangor. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Gravity Feed System (GFS) was sustainable water supply that has no treatment and commonly installed in Orang Asli village. Since the water supply was directly consumed, there was a potential health effect of Aluminium (Al) among Orang Asli. Aim: To determine socio-demographic, Al concentration in GFS water supply and health risk of it among population of Orang Asli at Ulu Kuang, Gombak Selangor. Methodology: A cross sectional study involved water sampling (N=50)and questionnaire (N=100) distribution at Orang Asli houses. The equipment used include, High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic bottles, a weighing scale, and a pH meter. Water sample analysis was done by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: From socio-demographic results showed that the Orang Asli in this area are having low income, and low educational level. For A1 concentration in GFS water supply at Kampung Orang Asli Ulu Kuang range from (0.03mg/L) to (0.07 mg/L). Besides, the pH values of water samples were in the range of (6.4) to (7.1). One sample t-test analysis that have been used to compare A1 concentration with national standard, showed significant different with p-value less than 0.05 (p= 0.001) and t- value at (-112.517). Spearman correlation analysis found that there is no significant different between pH level and A1 concentration, with pvalue of the test more than 0.05 (p= 0.744). Lastly for calculation of Hazard Index (HI), 100 % of respondent have HI less than 1(HI<1) with mean±SD (0.0023 ± 0.0018). Conclusion: As a conclusion, there was aluminium concentration found in the water sample, however because of lower concentration and calculated HI was <1, respondents in this study area were considered safe from having health risk associated with A1 exposure due to the consumption of GFS water supply. Keywords: Gravity Feed Water (GFS), Aluminium (Al), pH, Hazard Index (HI), Orang Asli

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Muhamad Fazril Awang
Date Deposited:	23 Nov 2022 03:44
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 04:02
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/443

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