Utilization of jackfruit waste for the production of active edibles films

Abd Sukor, Ummi Amirah (2018) Utilization of jackfruit waste for the production of active edibles films. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

This research was aimed to utilize jackfruit waste, particularly jackfruit skin and straw for the production of edible films. The effect of tapioca starch and plasticizer contents of the jackfruit waste based films was investigated in this study. The jackfruit straw and starch (JSt/starch) films and jackfruit skin and starch (JSk/starch) films were prepared by casting technique followed by drying the films at 50°C for 24 hours. Jackfruit straw and skin films with various tapioca starch contents (3-5g) and plasticizer (0-40%) loadings impose towards physical properties (thickness and color), FTIR spectra and mechanical properties where the highest values of TS of were 4.52 MPa (JSt/starch) and 4.51 MPa (JSk/starch) at 6:4 ratio. A fixed jackfruit waste to starch ratio of 6:4 for both jackfruit straw and skin was compared in term of mechanical and physical properties. The film with 6g of jackfruit straw or skin incorporated with 4g of starch (6:4) had been used as the controlled film based on the tensile strength (TS) and Yong’s Modulus (YM) value obtained from the tensile test. In addition, the mechanical properties of JSt/starch and JSk/starch films with increase loading of plasticizer (sorbitol) of 15%, 25%, 40% concentration were investigated. The addition of plasticizer had influenced the physical and mechanical properties of the films. The plasticized JSt/starch film demonstrated a much lower TS. In the meantime, JSk/starch film shows that the higher the plasticizer load, the lower the TS. This is due to plasticizers that act as spacers between the polymer chains, reduce brittleness by reducing the intermolecular forces between adjacent polymer chains and improve flexibility and extensibility. Infrared spectral analysis of starch, JSt and JSt/starch film was measured using a Shimadzu IR Prestige Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. The sharp peak absorption is seen at approximately 1631 cm-1 of natural starch film, which was similar to OH vibration absorbed in starch film. Major changes in the band associated with -OH groups occur. New hydrogen bonding could be interpreted in the JSt/starch film from the -OH (absorbed water) group peak, which shifts to 1587 cm-1 with a wider band than the native starch film. The JSt/starch and native JSt film at 1741 cm-1 showed a new and prominent peak, indicating the stretching vibration of –C= O attributes to the carbonyl group which is the ester carbonyl group of pectin. Moreover, this research also was aimed to utilize jackfruit waste containing tapioca starch for the production of active edible films. The addition of a natural agent, particularly thymol as antimicrobial agent at a fixed 3% concentration was investigated. The result demonstrated that thymol was able to be released from the JSk/starch films and act as active agent based on the positive zone of inhibition result.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	Ms Siti Mariam Giman
Date Deposited:	16 Nov 2022 02:33
Last Modified:	16 Nov 2022 02:33
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/479

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