Contamination of Nitrate in groundwater and health risk assessment in Tanah Merah, Kelantan: A cross-sectional study

NORBAHRI, MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ (2020) Contamination of Nitrate in groundwater and health risk assessment in Tanah Merah, Kelantan: A cross-sectional study. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Contamination of nitrate is one of the most common groundwater problems worldwide. Around 70% of Kelantan residents still depend on groundwater as their primary source of water supply. Extensive usage of pesticides in agriculture area may cause nitrate leaching into the groundwater. Objective: To determine nitrate level in groundwater and to perform health risk assessment among residents at Buloh, Pasir Besar and Bukit Merbau Villages in Tanah Merah, Kelantan. Methodology: This research was carried out during January 2020. Fifty-two respondents were chosen based on inclusion criteria such as long life residents, age 18 years old and above, as well as using groundwater as their primary source of drinking supply. A set of questionnaire consist of four sections was provided to the respondents in order to gather the information related to socio-demographic, water usage, house living environment and health status. The water samples were duplicated and then analysed by using the Portable PH/ORP/ISE Meter Model H198191 and Probe Model H14113. Result and Discussion: The reading from 52 wells show the range of nitrate level in groundwater was from 0.22 to 8.81 ppm, while the Mean ± SD was 2.94 ± 2.27 ppm. Statistical analysis indicated that there is a significant difference between the age of wells and nitrate level (p<0.05). However, the nitrate level showed no significant relationship with depth and distance of wells from the nitrate source. All respondents have the Hazard Quotient (HQ) below 1, which means the respondents does not pose a significant health risk due to exposure of nitrate in drinking water. Conclusion: The nitrate level from all sampling points was below the maximum acceptable limit, which is 10 ppm according to National Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS). The continuous monitoring from health authority is essential so that the contamination of nitrate in groundwater can be prevented in the future. Keywords: Nitrate, Groundwater, Levels, Hazard Quotient, Tanah Merah

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Hafizzuddin Hamidon
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2023 02:31
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2023 02:31
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/884

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