A review on occurrence of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust samples in Southeast Asia and their potential carcinogenic risk

SHAMRI, SHAZA NAJMI (2021) A review on occurrence of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust samples in Southeast Asia and their potential carcinogenic risk. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Introduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent environmental pollutants that can be generated through petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Vehicular emissions have been determined as the major source of PAHs, but stricter regulation is yet to be widely established. Objectives: Hence, this study aimed to review the occurrence of PAHs in road dust and their potential carcinogenic risk in Southeast Asia. Methodology: Scopus database was utilized to search for relevant studies in Southeast Asia from 2011 until 2021. The maximum reported concentrations of PAHs from each study were reviewed and assessed to assimilate the worst-case scenario. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was used to assess the possible carcinogenic health risks caused by PAHs in road dust via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure pathways. Results and Discussion: The PAHs concentration in road dust for urban areas ranged from 2800 ng g-1 to 1043245.4 ng g-1 whereas rural areas from 50 ng g-1 to 2900 ng g-1. The highest concentration of PAHs was reported in road dust samples from one residential area in Kuala Lumpur. Meanwhile, the commercial area in was found to constitute highest carcinogenic risk compared to other areas. Urban areas shown higher carcinogenic risk ranging from 10-7 to 10-2 that exceed the range of acceptable risk. The cancer risk of ingestion and dermal contact for PAHs in road dust samples were found to be significant in determining the total ILCR values compared to cancer risk from dust inhalation. Conclusion: This study between three countries in Southeast Asia namely Vietnam, Myanmar, and Malaysia indicate that the urban area generates relatively high concentration of PAHs in road dust and posed high potential carcinogenic risk to human health compared to rural areas. Keywords: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, traffic density, road dust, Southeast Asia, Carcinogenic health risk assessment

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Hafizzuddin Hamidon
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2023 04:51
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2023 04:51
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/897

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