Exposure to industrial air pollution and its association with respiratory symptoms among children in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat

MOHMAD SHAMSUDDIN, AIDA FARIHAH (2021) Exposure to industrial air pollution and its association with respiratory symptoms among children in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text FPSK4 2021 28.pdf Download (2MB)

Abstract

Introduction: Outdoor air pollution for anthropogenic sources is generally caused by the emission of the combustion process which are industries, motor vehicles, and burning of fossil fuels. These industrial areas emitted a lot of hazardous gases into the atmosphere, polluting the surrounding air to its worse. The industrial area in Parit Raja consists of several industries including, wood supplier and manufacturing, and many more. The close proximity from the industry and duration of stay at current area could worsen the respiratory health of the children. Compared to adult, children were more likely to get worse implication when being exposed to the air pollution. Objectives: This cross-sectional comparative study aimed to determine the exposure to industrial air pollution and its association with respiratory symptoms among children aged 3 to 12 years old in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat. Methodology: Children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected to participate in this study. Those who reside less than 5 km from the industrial area were chosen as the exposed group while children who were living more than 5 km from the industrial areas were selected as the comparative group. A questionnaire that adapted from the American Thoracic Society was used to determine background information of children and residents in the house, house living condition, current health symptoms, and respiratory health symptoms. Result: Nature of area, distance from the main road and industrial area, type of house, building materials, and carpet usage were found significant in both area at p < 0.05 and p <0.001. There was a significant difference in respiratory health symptoms of cough and phlegm for the exposed and the comparative group at p = 0.038 and p = 0.008, respectively. Phlegm was revealed to have an association with the duration of stay in the current area for the exposed group (x2 = 5.012, p = 0.025, OR = 5.149, 95% CI = 1.080 – 18.365). On the other hand, phlegm and cough had an association with distance from the industrial area at (x2= 4.308, p = 0.038, OR = 3.889, 95% CI = 1.004 - 15.068) and (x2= 7.121, p = 0.008, OR = 6.707, 95% CI = 1.406-31.989), respectively. In multiple logistic regression done on phlegm, it was found that duration of stay (years) was the most significant variable after controlling all confounders at (B = 3.469, p = 0.004, AOR = 3.094, 95% CI = 3.108 – 31.353). Conclusion: This finding shows that duration of stay in current area and distance from industrial area can impact children’s health, and the findings may be use as a reference for improvement to be done in the future. Keywords: distance from the industrial areas, duration of stay (years), respiratory symptoms, children

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Mr Hafizzuddin Hamidon
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2023 04:49
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2023 04:49
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/989

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