Occurrence of heavy metal in paddy soil and rice grain noodle associated with potential health risks

Hanafi, Zanjabila (2018) Occurrence of heavy metal in paddy soil and rice grain noodle associated with potential health risks. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

Text lp FPSK4 2018 28 REPAIR.pdf Download (44MB)

Abstract

Introduction: Rice is a staple food among Malaysian. However, little do we know about the heavy metal pollution in the paddy soil and rice grain, followed by its effect that can give potential health risks to human. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine both total and bioavailable heavy metal (As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu) concentrations in paddy soil and rice grain associated with potential risks to environment and human health, respectively. Method: A total of 13 paddy soil and rice grain were extracted for total and bioavailable concentration using nitric acid digestion and hydrogen peroxide method and static in-vitro digestion model, respectively, for heavy metals determination using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Descriptive analysis were calculated using Excel 2013. Result: Overall total concentration of paddy soil showed this decreasing trend Pb (0.0082 mg/kg)> Cr (0.0054 mg/kg)> Cu (0.0038 mg/kg)> As (0.0026 mg/kg)> Cd (0.0001 mg/kg), whereas the bioavailable concentration in the rice grain was Cr (0.2701 mg/kg) > Cu (0.0896 mg/kg) > Pb (0.0458 mg/kg) > As (0.0139mg/kg) > Cd (0.0053 mg/kg). Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) with background concentration (Igeo<0) for paddy soil samples. The bio-concentration factor (BCF) were found to be potential to accumulate heavy metal(> I) for all heavy metals. For Health Risk Assessment (HRA) involving rice grain samples, in adult and children, there were non­carcinogenic risks of Cu and Cr, where hazard quotient (HQ> 1) and carcinogenic risk of As in adult where lifetime cancer risk (LCR > I 0-4). Whereas, in children, no risk were present. Conclusion: The study findings showed that although paddy soils were uncontaminated but potential health risks were present in most of the rice grain samples. This indicated that further research work to be focused on rice grains characteristics in order to understand its bioaccumulation capacity . Keywords : Paddy soil, Rice grain, Total, Bioavailable, Heavy metal, Risk, Environment, Human health

Item Type:	Project Paper
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Science
Depositing User:	Ms Norafizah Radzuan
Date Deposited:	26 May 2025 07:50
Last Modified:	26 May 2025 07:50
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2407

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