Optimization of flexural strength and volume expansion ratio properties of durian husk cellulose fiber/rice husk ash-based geopolymer composite using response surface methodology

Mohd Yusmizar, Hanis Nabilah (2022) Optimization of flexural strength and volume expansion ratio properties of durian husk cellulose fiber/rice husk ash-based geopolymer composite using response surface methodology. [Project Paper] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Durian husk accounts for 60 to 75% of the fruit's total weight, which becomes an excessive residue in the durian processing industry. However, durian husk is the most promising cellulosic resource owing to its high cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content. The objectives of the study are; (i) to design experimental works using response surface methodology and conduct experiments on flexural strength and volume expansion ratio, (ii) to determine the effect of factors on the properties of the durian husk cellulose fiber/rice husk ash-based geopolymer composite and (iii) to perform optimization and validation as well as to investigate and characterize the microstructure of the geopolymer composite. The durian husk cellulose fiber (DHCF) was extracted through delignification and mercerization. The geopolymer composite was prepared by mixing sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, rice husk ash, and DHCF at a designated ratio. Three factors were studied, namely curing temperature (50, 60, and,70 °C), cellulose content (0, 1.5, and3 wt.%), and curing time (3, 5, and 7 days). The responses studied are the flexural strength and volume expansion ratio. The results showed that an increase in the curing temperature up to 65 °C resulted in an increase in flexural strength and volume expansion ratio. An increase in cellulose content up to 1.5 wt.% resulted in increased flexural strength and decreased volume expansion ratio. Increased curing time lowers the flexural strength and improves the volume expansion ratio. The optimum flexural strength and volume expansion ratio could be achieved through the combination of curing temperature of 60 °C, cellulose content of 0.5 wt.%, and curing time of 3 days. This material can be utilized in the food and agricultural industry as an insulation material or sandwich panel.

Item Type:	Project Paper
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Faculty:	Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	Ms Siti Mariam Giman
Date Deposited:	30 Jun 2026 09:54
Last Modified:	30 Jun 2026 09:55
URI:	http://psaspb.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2828

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